- The numbers appear as the 5th and sixth digits in the serial number.]. Lister and in agreement with. Just a 'J' in front of numbers. Mine is an Epi 1997 SG Jr.
- Lister Model D. 1.5 hp at 700 rpm. Serial No 18 9370. Exhibit seen at Boconnoc Steam Fair July 2011. Lister A Junior, 4 hp.
(1988 – 1999, 2009 – ) is a Sci-Fi/Comedy television show set on a fictional mining spaceship, the Red Dwarf of the show's title, three million years after radiation killed most of the crew. The main characters are:., the computer., the only human survivor, whom Holly released from stasis., a hologram of Lister's former superior., the last known member of a race of humanoids evolved from Lister's cat. (series II onwards), a mechanoid originally from the Nova 5 whom Lister rebuilt. (series VII - Back to Earth), A version of Lister's former girlfriend from a parallel universe Unless otherwise noted, these quotes are from show creators and/or.
The Lister Junior hit and miss, made in Dursley England http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wANHxYZa-w.
List. Esoteric. Integra. Maestro. Website: Gibson Brands, Inc. (formerly Gibson Guitar Corp.) is an American manufacturer of, other musical instruments, and consumer and professional electronics now based in. The company was formerly known as Gibson Guitar Corp.
And renamed Gibson Brands, Inc. On June 11, 2013. Founded the company in 1902 as 'The Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg. In to make -family instruments. Gibson invented by constructing the same type of carved, arched tops used on violins. By the 1930s, the company was also making flattop acoustic guitars, as well as one of the first commercially available hollow-body electric guitars, used and popularized. In 1944, Gibson was bought by (CMI) which was acquired in 1969 by Panama-based conglomerate, Ecuadorian Company Limited (E.C.L.) that changed its name in the same year to Norlin Corporation.
Free Serial Numbers
Gibson sells guitars under a variety of and builds one of the world's most iconic guitars, the. Many Gibson instruments are highly collectible. Gibson was at the forefront of innovation in acoustic guitars, especially in the big band era of the 1930s; the was widely imitated. In 1952, Gibson introduced its first solid-body electric guitar, the which became its most popular guitar to date— designed by and.
Gibson was owned by the Norlin corporation from 1969 to 1986. In 1986, the company was acquired by its present owners. Gibson is a owned by its chief executive officer and its president David H. In addition to guitars, Gibson offers consumer electronics through its subsidiaries Gibson Innovations (Philips brand), TEAC Corporation (Teac and Esoteric brands), Onkyo Corporation (Onkyo and Pioneer brands), and, as well as professional audio equipment from also pianos from their wholly owned subsidiary and music software from.
The following year the company hired designer to create newer instruments. Loar designed the flagship and the Gibson F5 mandolin that was introduced in 1922, before leaving the company in 1924. In 1936 Gibson introduced their first 'Electric Spanish' model, the followed by other electric instruments like, banjos and mandolins.
During, instrument manufacturing at Gibson slowed due to shortages of wood and metal, and Gibson began manufacturing wood and metal parts for the military. Between 1942-1945, Gibson employed women to manufacture guitars.
'Women produced nearly 25,000 guitars during World War II yet Gibson denied ever building instruments over this period,' according to a 2013 history of the company. Gibson folklore has also claimed its guitars were made by 'seasoned craftsmen' who were 'too old for war.'
In 1944 Gibson was purchased by Chicago Musical Instruments. The was introduced in 1949.
Gibson hired in 1948, who became President in 1950. He led an expansion of the guitar line with new guitars such as the 'Les Paul' guitar introduced in 1952 and designed by, a popular musician in the 1950s and also a pioneer in music technology. The Les Paul was offered in Custom, Standard, Special, and Junior models. In the mid-50s, the Thinline series was produced, which included a line of thinner guitars like the. The first Byrdlands were slim, custom built, L-5 models for guitarists Billy Byrd and. Later, a shorter neck was added. Other models such as the ES-350T and the were introduced as less costly alternatives.
In 1958, Gibson introduced the T model. Similar in size to the hollow-body Thinlines, the ES-335 family had a solid center, giving the string tone a longer sustain. In the 1950s, Gibson also produced the bridge system and its version of the pickup, the ('Patent Applied For'), first released in 1957 and still sought after for its sound.
In 1958, Gibson produced two new designs: the eccentrically shaped and. These 'modernistic' guitars did not sell initially. It was only in the late 1960s and early 70s when the two guitars were reintroduced to the market that they sold well.
The, in the early 60s, was a reprise of the modernistic idea, though less extreme. Modernization In the late 50s, McCarty knew that Gibson was seen as a traditional company and began an effort to create more modern guitars. In 1961 the body design of the Les Paul was changed due to the demand for a double-cutaway body design. The new body design then became known as the (for 'solid guitar'), due to disapproval from Les Paul himself. The Les Paul returned to the Gibson catalog in 1968. On December 22, 1969, the Gibson parent company Chicago Musical Instruments was taken over by the South American brewing conglomerate ECL. Gibson remained under the control of CMI until 1974 when it became a subsidiary of Norlin Musical Instruments.
Norlin Musical Instruments was a member of Norlin Industries which was named for ECL president Norton Stevens and CMI president Arnold Ber lin. This began an era characterized by corporate mismanagement and decreasing product quality. Between 1974 and 1984 production of Gibson guitars was shifted from Kalamazoo to. The Kalamazoo plant kept going for a few years as a custom-instrument shop, but was closed in 1984; several Gibson employees led by plant manager Jim Duerloo established in the old factory, building versions of classic Gibson designs. The company (Gibson) was within three months of going out of business before it was bought by Henry E.
Juszkiewicz, David H. Berryman, and Gary A. Zebrowski in January 1986. New production plants were opened in, as well as. The Memphis facility is used for semi-hollow and custom shop instruments, while the Bozeman facility is dedicated to acoustic instruments. In 1977 Gibson sued Hoshino/Elger for copying the.
In 2000, Gibson sued in a Tokyo court for allegedly copying Gibson designs. Gibson did not prevail.
Gibson also sued in 2005, to stop them from making their Singlecut model. The lawsuit against PRS was initially successful. However, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed the lower court decision and ordered the dismissal of Gibson's suit against PRS. Recent history Gibson purchased in 2007. In mid 2009 Gibson reduced its work force to adjust for a decline in guitar industry sales in the United States. In 2011, Gibson acquired the Stanton Group, including, and. Gibson then formed a new division, Gibson Pro Audio, which will deliver professional grade audio items, including headphones, loudspeakers and DJ equipment.
Gibson announced a partnership with the Japanese-based in 2012. Onkyo, known for audio equipment and home theater systems, became part of the Gibson Pro Audio division. In 2013, Gibson acquired a majority stake in TEAC Corporation. In 2014, Gibson acquired the consumer electronics business of Royal Philips. In October 2017 Gibson announced Gibson brands is set to relocate its Memphis operations to a smaller location and plans to sell the massive facility that it currently calls home. The Nashville-based guitar maker opened the Memphis facility 18 years ago, which currently occupies just a portion of a massive 127,620 square foot complex. According to the Memphis Daily News, Gibson plans to search for a new facility for its Memphis operations and will stay in the current spot for the next 18 to 24 months.
The facility, which sits across from Fedex Forum along South B.B. King Boulevard, is expected to list for $17 million. Since its opening, the Gibson Memphis shop has mostly focused on building hollow and semi-hollowbody guitars, such as the famed ES series. Presumably, this shuffling of assets is meant to address Gibson's well-publicized financial troubles. Gibson issued a press release about the move, with CEO Henry Juszkiewicz stating: 'We are extremely excited about this next phase of growth that we believe will benefit both our employees, and the Memphis community. I remember when our property had abandoned buildings, and Beale Street was in decline. It is with great pride that I can see the development of this area with a basketball arena, hotels, and a resurgent pride in the musical heritage of the great city of Memphis.
We continue to love the Memphis community and hope to be a key contributor to its future when we move nearby to a more appropriate location for our manufacturing based business, allowing the world the benefit of our great American craftsmen.' FWS raids & Lacey Act violation Gibson's factories were raided in 2009 and 2011 by agents of the (FWS).
In November 2009 authorities found. A second raid was conducted in August 2011, during which the FWS seized wood imports from India that had been mislabeled on the US Customs declaration.
Gibson Guitar Corp. Filed a motion in January 2011 to recover seized materials and overturn the charges, which was denied by the court. The found emails from 2008 and 2009 in which Gibson employees discussed the 'gray market' nature of the ebony wood available from a German wood dealer—who obtained it from a supplier in Madagascar—as well as plans to obtain the wood. It filed a civil proceeding in June 2011, the first such case under the amended, which requires importing companies to purchase legally harvested wood and follow the environmental laws of the producing countries regardless of corruption or lack of enforcement. Gibson argued in a statement the following day that authorities were 'bullying Gibson without filing charges' and denied any wrongdoing. Arguing against the federal regulations and claiming that the move threatened jobs, Republicans and members spoke out against the raids and supported Juszkiewicz.
The case was settled on August 6, 2012, with Gibson admitting to violating the Lacey Act and agreeing to pay a fine of $300,000 in addition to a $50,000 community payment. Gibson also forfeited the wood seized in the raids, which was valued at roughly the same amount as the settlement. However, in a subsequent statement Gibson maintained its innocence with Juszkiewicz claiming that 'Gibson was inappropriately targeted' and that the government raids were 'so outrageous and overreaching as to deserve further Congressional investigation.' Juszkiewicz continued to state, 'We felt compelled to settle as the costs of proving our case at trial would have cost millions of dollars and taken a very long time to resolve.' The case raised concerns for musicians who lack documentation of vintage instruments made of traditional, non-sustainable materials.
However, officials from the Justice Department and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service have stated that musicians who unknowingly possess instruments made from illegal wood would not be treated as criminals. Gibson was able to reclaim some wood stock which was confiscated during the raids, and produced a new series of guitar marketed to draw attention to the raids and seizures. This is discussed in the Instruments section below. Instruments. Further information: Gibson also owns and makes instruments under brands such as, Maestro, and, —along with the ownership of historical brands such as, and (including:, Hamilton, ).
Although it is well known for its guitars, Gibson's largest business is in fact electronics. Gibson offers consumer devices through its subsidiaries (Philips brand), Corporation(Onkyo and Pioneer brands), (Teac and Esoteric brands), and, as well as professional audio equipment from and / and music software from.
Gibson makes authorized copies of its most successful guitar designs. They are less expensive than those bearing the Gibson name.
A former competitor, was purchased by Gibson and now makes competitively priced Gibson models, such as the Les Paul and SG, sold under the Epiphone brand, while continuing to make Epiphone-specific models like the Sheraton and Casino. In Japan, once made Gibson designs sold in that country. Gibson has sought legal action against those that make and sell guitars Gibson believes are too similar to their own. In 1977, Gibson introduced the serial numbering system in use until 2006.
An eight-digit number on the back shows the date when the instrument was produced, where it was produced, and its order of production that day (e.g., first instrument stamped that day, second, etc.). As of 2006, the company used seven serial number systems, making it difficult to identify guitars by their serial number alone.
And as of 1999 the company has used six distinct serial numbering systems. An exception is the year 1994, Gibson's centennial year; many 1994 serial numbers start with '94', followed by a six-digit production number. The Gibson website provides a book to help with serial number deciphering.
In 2006, Gibson introduced a nine-digit serial number system replacing the eight-digit system used since 1977, but the sixth digit now represents a batch number. In 2003, Gibson debuted its -based audio protocol, which it developed in partnership with, and.
Replacing traditional analog with a digital connection that would, '.satisfy the unique requirements of live audio performances,' may have been the goal of this project. This system may require a special, but cabling is provided by a standard Cat-5 cable.
The Gibson 'self-tuning guitar', also known as a 'robot model', an option on some newer Les Paul, SG, Flying V and Explorer instruments, will tune itself in little more than two seconds using technology developed by Tronical GmbH. Under the tradename Min-ETune, this device became standard on several models in 2014. In 2013 Gibson introduced the Government Series of Les Paul, SG, Flying V, Explorer & ES-335 guitars which were constructed solely of tonewood the US government seized but later returned to Gibson after the resolution of the company's Lacey Act violation in 2011. The guitars were finished in 'government grey' and also featured decorations which intended to draw attention to the issue of government. A year later in 2014, Gibson released the Government Series II of guitars, which were essentially the same as the first series, only finished in a new color: 'government tan'. Factories All Gibson-brand guitars are currently made at three facilities, depending on the type of guitar. And such as the and the are made in.
Such as the are made in. Full such as the are made in. The Nashville and Bozeman facilities are off-limits to visitors, but the Memphis facility gives regularly scheduled. All Gibson instruments are. Below are some of the facilities used to produce Gibson instruments, along with years of their operation: Address Years of Operation Notes 114 So.
Burdick, Kalamazoo, MI. 1896–1897 This was the 'business location' of 'O. Gibson, Manufacturer, Musical Instruments.'
104 East Main, Kalamazoo, MI 1899–1902 This was Orville Gibson’s residence, and he built instruments on the 2nd floor of this location. 114 East Main, Kalamazoo, MI 1902–1906 The 'Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Manufacturing Co, Ltd.' Was established in 1902. This building, said to be infested with cockroaches, was probably the former Witmer Bakery. 114 East Exchange Place, Kalamazoo, MI 1906–1911 Located quite close to the previous location, in Kalamazoo’s business district. 521–523 East Harrison Court, Kalamazoo, MI 1911–1917 Located about.5 miles from previous location. The building was next to the Michigan Central Railroad, and stood for many decades, until it came down in the late 20th century.
225 Parsons St, Kalamazoo, MI, –1984 Also located next to railroad tracks, this facility had major expansions in 1945, 1950, and 1960. Various brands were produced there, including Gibson, (1957–1970) and.
During the depression of the 1930s, children's toys were produced there, and during WW2 it produced materials to support the war effort in addition to producing guitars. Between 1974 and 1984 Gibson moved its manufacturing out of this facility to Tennessee.
Most of this move happened in 1974, leaving only acoustic and some semi-acoustic production for this plant. In 1985, began production, renting part of this facility. 641 Massman Drive, Nashville, TN, –present This is Gibson's facility for production of their main solid body models, such as the Les Paul and the SG. Lee Av, Memphis, TN –present This is Gibson's facility for production of their semi-hollowbody electric guitars. This facility shares the same building as Gibson's Retail Shop and Beale Street 'Showcase' location.
1894 Orville Way, Bozeman, MT, – present This facility is dedicated to acoustic guitar production. See also. (luthier). (luthier).
(luthier). Footnotes.
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Also during the mid to late thirties, Gibson produced a range of cello and flat top instruments under the Kalamazoo name and at inexpensive prices. January 2, 2009. Gibson Guitar Corporation.
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Fjestad, S.P., Editor (2015) 1999. Gibson Serialization (Sixth ed.). Blue Book Publications, Inc. Retrieved January 2, 2015. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list References.
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The Les Paul Guitar Book: A Complete History of Gibson Les Paul Guitars. San Francisco: Backbeat Books. Bacon, Tony (2011).
Flying V, Explorer, Firebird: An Odd-shaped History of Gibson’s Weird Electric Guitars. Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books. Bacon, Tony (2012). The History of the American Guitar: From 1833 to the Present Day.
San Francisco: Backbeat Books. Bacon, Tony (2014). Sunburst: How the Gibson Les Paul Standard Became a Legendary Guitar. Montclair: Backbeat Books. Bonds, Ray (2004). The Illustrated Directory of Gutiars.
New York: Barnes and Noble. Carter, Walter (1994). Gibson Guitars: 100 Years of an American Icon. Los Angeles: General Publishing Group. Carter, Walter (2007). Gibson Electric Guitar Book – Seventy Years of Classic Guitars. Backbeat Books: New York.
Day, Paul; Carter, Walter; Hunter, Dave; Verheyen, Carl (2011). The Ultimate Gibson Guitar Book. New York: Metro Books. Duchossoir, A.
Gibson Electrics: The Classic Years. Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard. Duchossoir, A. Guitar Identification: A Reference for Dating Guitars made by Fender, Gibson, Gretsch, and Martin (4th ed.). Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard. Duchossoir, A.
Gibson Electric Steel Guitars: 1935-1967. Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard.
Erlewine, Dan; Whitford, Eldon; Vinopal, David (2009). Gibson’s Fabulous Flat-top Guitars: An Illustrated History & Guide. San Francisco: Backbeat Books.
Fjestad, Zachary R.; Meiners, Larry (2007). Gibson Flying V.
Minneapolis, MN: Blue Book Publications. Fox, Paul (2011). The Other Brands of Gibson.
Anaheim Hills, CA: Centerstream Publications. Gleick, James (1987). Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Viking.; Carter, Walter (1993).
Acoustic Guitars and Other Fretted Instruments: A Photographic History. San Francisco: GPI Books.; Carter, Walter (2010a). Electric Guitars and Basses: A Photographic History. New York: Backbeat Books.; Carter, Walter (2010b). Gruhn’s Guide to Vintage Guitars: An Identification Guide for American Fretted Instruments. New York: Backbeat Books.
Hembree, George (2007). Gibson Guitars: Ted McCarty’s Golden Era 1948-1966. Austin, TX: GH Books.
Ingram, Adrian (1997). The Gibson L5: Its History and its Players. Anaheim, CA: Centerstream Pub. Ingram, Adrian (2007). The Gibson 175: Its History and its Players. Anaheim, CA: Centerstream Pub.
Marx, Wallace (2009). Gibson Amplifiers 1933-2008. Minneapolis, MN: Blue Book Publications. Spann, Joe (2011). Spann’s Guide to Gibson: 1902-1941. Anaheim Hills, CA: Centerstream Pub.
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Franklin, TN: American History Press. Wheeler, Tom (1992). American Guitars: An Illustrated History (rev. And updated ed.). New York: HarperPerennial. Further reading. Fox, Paul (2011).
Centerstream Publishing. External links. Wikimedia Commons has media related to.